Akwai nau'ikan hanyoyin sadarwa guda uku na wutar lantarki don faifan ajiya na inci 2.5 / inci 3.5: PCIe, SAS da SATA, "A da, ci gaban haɗin cibiyar bayanai a zahiri ana yin sa ne ta hanyar cibiyoyin IEEE ko OIF-CEI ko ƙungiyoyi, kuma a zahiri a yau ya canza sosai. Manyan masu gudanar da cibiyar bayanai kamar Amazon, Apple, Facebook, Google, da Microsoft suna jagorantar fasahar, ba lallai bane su jira a kammala ƙa'idodi, amma ga mai amfani ya tsara komai. Dangane da aikin kasuwar PCIe SSD, SAS SSD da SATA SSD na gaba, raba hasashen da Gartner ya yi don tuntubar kowa da kowa da sadarwa.
Game da PCIe
Babu shakka PCIe ita ce mafi shaharar tsarin bas ɗin sufuri, kuma ana sabunta ta akai-akai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan: PCIe 3.0 har yanzu ita ce mafi shahara, PCIe 4.0 yana ƙaruwa da sauri, PCIe 5.0 yana gab da haɗuwa da ku, an kammala ƙayyadaddun bayanai na PCIe 6.0 sigar 0.5, kuma an ba wa membobin ƙungiyar, za a fitar da shi a shekara mai zuwa bisa ga jadawalin sigar hukuma ta ƙarshe.
Kowace bugu na ƙayyadaddun PCIe tana tafiya ta hanyoyi/matakai guda biyar daban-daban:
Sigar 0.3: Wani ra'ayi na farko wanda ke gabatar da muhimman fasaloli da tsarin sabon ƙayyadaddun bayanai.
Sigar 0.5: Tsarin farko na daftarin da ke gano dukkan fannoni na sabon tsarin, ya haɗa da ra'ayoyin membobin ƙungiyar bisa ga sigar 0.3, kuma ya haɗa da sabbin fasaloli da membobi suka buƙata tare da sabbin fasaloli.
Sigar 0.7: Cikakken daftarin aiki, an tantance dukkan fannoni na sabon ƙayyadaddun bayanai, kuma dole ne a tabbatar da ƙayyadaddun bayanan lantarki ta hanyar guntu na gwaji. Ba za a ƙara sabbin fasaloli ba bayan haka.
Sigar 0.9: Tsarin ƙarshe wanda membobin ƙungiya za su iya tsara da haɓaka fasahohi da samfuransu daga ciki.
Sigar 1.0: Fitowar ƙarshe a hukumance, fitowar jama'a.
A zahiri, bayan fitowar sigar 0.5, masana'antun sun riga sun fara ƙirƙirar guntuwar gwaji don shirya don aikin gaba a gaba.
PCIe 6.0 ba banda bane. Idan aka yi amfani da PCIe 5.0/4.0/3.0/2.0/1.0, ƙimar bayanai ko bandwidth na I/O zai sake ninka zuwa 64GT/s, kuma ainihin bandwidth na PCIe 6.0×1 shine 8GB/s. PCIe 6.0×16 yana da 128GB/s a hanya ɗaya da 256GB/s a duka hanyoyi biyu.
PCIe 6.0 zai ci gaba da tsarin 128b/130b da aka gabatar a zamanin PCIe 3.0, amma ya ƙara sabon tsarin PAM4 don maye gurbin PCIe 5.0 NRZ, wanda zai iya haɗa ƙarin bayanai a cikin tashoshi ɗaya a cikin lokaci ɗaya, da kuma gyaran kuskuren gaba mai sauƙi (FEC) da hanyoyin da suka shafi hakan don inganta ingancin bandwidth.
Game da SAS
Tsarin haɗin SCSI na Serial Attached (SAS), SAS sabon ƙarni ne na fasahar SCSI, kuma sanannen rumbun faifai na Serial ATA (SATA) iri ɗaya ne, shine amfani da fasahar serial don samun saurin watsawa mafi girma, da kuma ta hanyar rage layin haɗin don inganta sararin ciki. SAS sabon haɗin kebul ne da aka haɓaka bayan haɗin SCSI mai layi ɗaya. An tsara wannan haɗin gwiwar don inganta aiki, samuwa, da kuma girman tsarin ajiya, yana ba da jituwa tare da rumbun faifai na SATA. Tsarin haɗin kebul na SAS ba wai kawai yana kama da SATA ba, har ma yana dacewa da ma'aunin SATA. Bangaren baya na tsarin SAS zai iya haɗa rumbun faifai na SAS guda biyu, rumbun faifai na SAS masu aiki da kuma rumbun faifai na SATA masu araha. Sakamakon haka, rumbun faifai na SAS da rumbun faifai na SATA na iya zama tare a cikin tsarin ajiya iri ɗaya. Duk da haka, ya kamata a lura cewa tsarin SATA ba su dace da SAS ba, don haka ba za a iya haɗa rumbun faifai na SAS zuwa rumbun faifai na SATA ba.
Idan aka kwatanta da babban ci gaban ƙayyadaddun bayanai na PCIe a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ƙayyadaddun bayanai na SAS ya ci gaba a hankali, kuma a watan Nuwamba na 2019, an fitar da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na SAS 4.1 ta amfani da ƙimar hanyar sadarwa ta 24Gbps a hukumance, kuma ƙayyadaddun bayanai na SAS 5.0 na gaba suma suna cikin shiri, wanda zai ƙara yawan hanyar sadarwa zuwa 56Gbps.
A halin yanzu, a cikin sabbin kayayyaki da yawa, SAS interface SSD SSD ba ta da yawa, darektan fasaha na mai amfani da Intanet ya ce masu amfani da Intanet ba sa amfani da SAS SSD, galibi saboda dalilai na aiki mai tsada, SAS SSD tsakanin PCIe da SATA SSD, abin kunya ne, ba za a iya kwatanta aiki da PCIe ba. Cibiyoyin bayanai masu yawa suna zaɓar PCIe, farashin ba zai iya samun SATA SSD ba, abokan cinikin yau da kullun suna zaɓar SATA SSD.
Game da SATA
SATA ita ce Serial ATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment), wanda kuma aka sani da Serial ATA, wanda ke nufin takamaiman hanyar haɗin faifai mai wuya wanda Intel, IBM, Dell, APT, Maxtor, da Seagate suka gabatar tare.
SATA interface yana amfani da kebul guda 4 don aika bayanai, tsarinsa mai sauƙi ne, Tx+, Tx- yana nuna layin bayanai daban-daban na fitarwa, daidai, Rx+, Rx- yana nuna layin bayanai daban-daban na shigarwa, kamar yadda aka fi amfani da hanyar haɗin faifai mai wuya a kasuwa, sanannen sigar yanzu shine 3.0, babban fa'idar hanyar haɗin SATA 3.0 yakamata ya zama babba, SSD na yau da kullun mai inci 2.5 da HDD hard disks suna amfani da wannan hanyar haɗin, hanyar watsa bayanai ta ka'ida ta 6Gbps, kodayake idan aka kwatanta da sabon hanyar haɗin bandwidth na 10Gbps da 32Gbps akwai wani gibi, amma SSD na yau da kullun mai inci 2.5 zai iya biyan buƙatun aikace-aikacen yau da kullun na yawancin masu amfani, saurin karantawa da rubutu na 500MB/s ko makamancin haka ya isa.
Lokacin Saƙo: Nuwamba-10-2023
