Universal Serial Bus (USB) tabbas yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan mu'amala a duniya.Intel da Microsoft ne suka fara shi da farko kuma yana da fasali mai zafi da wasa sosai.Tun lokacin da aka gabatar da kebul na USB a cikin 1994, bayan shekaru 26 na ci gaba, ta hanyar USB 1.0/1.1, USB2.0, USB 3.x, a ƙarshe ya haɓaka zuwa USB4 na yanzu;Yawan watsawa kuma ya karu daga 1.5Mbps zuwa sabon 40Gbps.A halin yanzu, ba wai kawai sabbin wayoyi masu wayo ba ne kawai ke tallafawa nau'ikan nau'in C, har ma da kwamfutocin rubutu, kyamarori na dijital, lasifika mai wayo, samar da wutar lantarki ta wayar hannu da sauran na'urori sun fara ɗaukar takamaiman kebul na USB na TYPE-C, wanda aka samu nasarar ƙaddamar da shi. cikin filin mota.Maimakon USB-A, sabon Model 3 na Tesla yana da tashar jiragen ruwa na usB-C, kuma Apple ya canza gaba ɗaya macBooks da AirPods Pro zuwa tsarkakakken tashoshin USB Type-C don canja wurin bayanai da caji.Bugu da kari, bisa ga bukatun eu, apple zai kuma yi amfani da kebul type-c interface a nan gaba iPhone15, kuma babu shakka USB4 zai zama babban samfurin dubawa a nan gaba kasuwa.
Abubuwan buƙatun kebul na USB4
Babban canji a cikin sabon USB4 shine gabatarwar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idar Thunderbolt wanda Intel ya raba tare da usb-if.Gudun kan hanyoyin haɗin kai biyu, bandwidth ɗin yana ninka sau biyu zuwa 40Gbps, kuma Tunneling yana goyan bayan bayanai da yawa da ka'idojin nuni.Misalai sun haɗa da PCI Express da DisplayPort.Bugu da ƙari, USB4 yana kula da dacewa mai kyau tare da gabatarwar sabuwar yarjejeniya ta asali, kasancewa mai dacewa da baya tare da USB3.2 / 3.1 / 3.0 / 2.0, da Thunderbolt 3. A sakamakon haka, USB4 ya zama mafi mahimmancin ma'auni na USB har zuwa yau. , Ana buƙatar masu ƙira don fahimtar USB4, USB3.2, USB2.0, USB Type-C da ƙayyadaddun Isar da Wutar USB.Bugu da ƙari, masu zanen kaya dole ne su fahimci ƙayyadaddun PCI Express da DisplayPort, da kuma fasahar HIGH-DEFINITION abun ciki na kariya (HDCP) wanda ya dace da yanayin USB4 DisplayPort, kuma igiyoyi da masu haɗin da muka saba da su suna da buƙatu masu girma don saduwa da Abubuwan buƙatun aikin lantarki na kebul na USB4 da aka gama.
Sigar coaxial na USB4 ya fito daga babu inda
A cikin zamanin USB3.1 10G, masana'antun da yawa sun karɓi tsarin coaxial don biyan buƙatun babban aikin mitar.Ba a yi amfani da sigar Coaxial ba a cikin jerin USB kafin, yanayin aikace-aikacen sa galibi sune littafin rubutu, wayar hannu, GPS, kayan aunawa, fasahar Bluetooth, da sauransu. Gabaɗaya aikace-aikacen bayanin kebul shine layin coaxial na likita, layin lantarki na teflon coaxial, layin mitar rediyo coaxial waya, da sauransu, tare da buƙatun sarrafa farashi mai girma na kasuwa, a cikin zamanin USB3.1 na stranding don saduwa da aikin samfurin da sauri mamaye kasuwa, amma tare da kasuwar USB4 don buƙatun watsawa mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi, kuma mai girma- saurin watsa buƙatun waya yana da ƙarfin hana tsangwama da kwanciyar hankali na aikin lantarki, Don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na watsa mitar mai girma, USB4 na yau da kullun har yanzu shine babban sigar coaxial, samar da coaxial da kuma masana'antu tsari ne mai rikitarwa, don warwarewa. babban mita da aikace-aikacen sauri yana buƙatar kayan aikin samarwa da suka dace da tsarin samar da balagagge da kwanciyar hankali.A cikin samar da samfurin, zaɓin kayan aiki, sigogin tsari da sarrafa tsari, sigogin lantarki na gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje na musamman suna taka muhimmiyar rawa, a cikin ci gaban ƙuruciyar tsarin coaxial, ban da ku (farashin kayan aiki, tsadar sarrafa tsada) sauran suna da kyau, amma ci gaban kasuwa ko da yaushe yana dogara ne akan yadda za a cimma mafi girman farashin batch, Biyu na juzu'i ya kasance a cikin rata na bincike na ci gaban coaxial da ci gaba da ci gaba.
Ana iya ganin shi daga tsarin layin coaxial, daga ciki zuwa waje, bi da bi: mai gudanarwa na tsakiya, rufin rufin, Layer na waje (mesh mesh), fata na waya.Kebul na Coaxial hadi ne wanda ya ƙunshi madugu biyu.Ana amfani da tsakiyar waya na coaxial na USB don watsa sigina.Gidan yanar gizon garkuwar ƙarfe yana taka rawa biyu: ɗaya shine samar da madauki na yanzu don sigina azaman hanyar gama gari, ɗayan kuma shine don murkushe kutsewar karar electromagnetic zuwa siginar azaman hanyar kariya.Waya ta tsakiya da cibiyar sadarwar garkuwar tsakanin ƙananan kumfa polypropylene rufi Layer, rufin rufi yana ƙayyade halayen watsawa na kebul, kuma yadda ya kamata ya kare tsakiyar waya, tsada suna da dalili mai tsada.
USB4 Twisted biyu version yana zuwa?
Yayin da da'irori na lantarki ke aiki a mitoci mafi girma, halayen lantarki na abubuwan lantarki suna zama da wahala a iya sarrafa su.Lokacin da girman bangaren ko duka girman da'ira idan aka kwatanta da tsayin tsayin mitar aiki ya fi ɗaya girma, ƙimar inductance capacitance na kewayawa, ko abubuwan da ke haifar da tasirin kayan abu da sauransu, ko da lokacin da muke amfani da tsarin biyu na waya, Gwajin mitar mitar na asali ba zai iya biyan bukatun abokan ciniki ba, kuma mai sauƙi fiye da sigar coaxial na tsarin kuma diamita ya yi nisa, Me yasa ba zan iya amfani da kebul na USB guda biyu a batches ba?Gabaɗaya, mafi girman mitar amfani da kebul, mafi guntu tsayin siginar, da ƙarami na skew, mafi kyawun tasirin ma'auni.Duk da haka, ƙananan farawar splicing zai kawo ƙarancin samarwa da kuma sprain insulated core waya.Fitar layin biyu kadan ne sosai, adadin torsion din yana da yawa, kuma damuwa na torsion a sashin yana mai da hankali sosai, wanda ke haifar da nakasu mai tsanani da lalacewar Layer na insulation, kuma a ƙarshe yana haifar da gurɓataccen filin lantarki, yana shafar wasu. alamomin lantarki kamar ƙimar SRL da attenuation.Lokacin da insulation eccentricity ya wanzu, nisa tsakanin masu gudanarwa yana canzawa lokaci-lokaci saboda juyin juya hali da jujjuyawar insulating layi ɗaya, wanda ke kawo juzu'i na impedance.Lokacin canzawa yana da ɗan tsayi.A cikin babban mitar watsawa, wannan jinkirin canji za a iya gano shi ta igiyoyin lantarki na lantarki kuma yana shafar ƙimar asarar dawowa.Ba za a iya amfani da sigar biyu na USB4 a batches ba.
Ba a ƙasa ba, amma ba sa so ku yi amfani da coaxial na mutuwar ku, don haka mutane sun fara tabbatar da bambancin hanyoyin garkuwar USB4 don yin samfurin, don wring babban drawback yana sauƙin murɗa madubi, da bambanci tare da fakitin layi ɗaya kai tsaye don aikin gida, guje wa sprain madugu, kamar yadda muka sani, a halin yanzu yana amfani da bambancin SAS, SFP + da dai sauransu ana amfani da su a cikin babban layi na sauri, Ya isa ya nuna cewa aikinsa dole ne ya kasance mafi girma fiye da nau'in da aka ƙera, muhimmiyar rawa na babban layin bayanan mita shine don watsa siginar bayanai, amma idan muka yi amfani da shi a kusa yana iya bayyana kowane nau'in bayanan tsangwama mara kyau.Bari mu yi tunani game da idan waɗannan sigina na kutsawa sun shiga ciki na layin bayanan kuma sun mamaye ainihin siginar da aka watsa, shin zai yiwu a tsoma baki ko canza siginar da aka watsa na asali, don haka haifar da asarar sigina mai amfani ko matsaloli?Kuma bambanci na aluminum tsare Layer shine don canja wurin bayanai zuwa gare mu don yin rawar kariya da kariya, ana amfani da su don rage tsangwama na sigina masu zaman kansu don watsawa, babban kayan bel na bel da aluminum foil ja shine amfani da aluminum tsare sealing da garkuwa. , Rubutun gefe ɗaya ko biyu a kan fim ɗin filastik, lu: su composite foil wanda ake amfani da shi azaman garkuwar kebul.Cable foil yana buƙatar ƙarancin mai a saman, babu ramuka da manyan kaddarorin inji.Tsarin nannade shi ne tattara wayoyi masu ɓoye biyu da na ƙasa tare ta hanyar na'ura.A lokaci guda kuma, ana amfani da Layer na foil na aluminum da Layer na tef ɗin polyester mai ɗaure kai akan biredi na waje don kare nau'in waya da kuma daidaita tsarin nannade ainihin wayoyi.Wannan tsari yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci ga kayan waya, sun haɗa da impedance, bambancin jinkiri, raguwa, saboda wannan dole ne ya samar da ƙayyadaddun buƙatun sana'a, gudanar da gwaji zuwa kayan lantarki, don tabbatar da kunsa core waya daidai da buƙatu.Tabbas, ba duk layukan bayanai ba ne suke da matakan kariya biyu.Wasu suna da yadudduka da yawa, wasu suna da Layer ɗaya kawai, ko babu ɗaya.Garkuwa rabuwa ce ta ƙarfe tsakanin yankuna biyu na sararin samaniya don sarrafa shigarwa da hasken wuta na lantarki, Magnetic da igiyoyin lantarki daga wannan yanki zuwa wancan.Don zama takamaiman, tushen jagora yana kewaye da jikin garkuwa don hana su daga tasirin filin lantarki na waje / siginar tsangwama, da kuma hana tsangwama filin / sigina daga yadawa waje.Babban gwajin siginar mitar kebul na banbanta na USB na iya zama daidai da coaxial, kebul na USB4 daban na zuwa.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-16-2022
