Universal Serial Bus (USB) tabbas yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan mu'amala a duniya. Intel da Microsoft ne suka fara shi da farko kuma yana da fasali mai zafi da wasa sosai. Tun lokacin da aka gabatar da kebul na USB a cikin 1994, bayan shekaru 26 na ci gaba, ta hanyar USB 1.0/1.1, USB2.0, USB 3.x, a ƙarshe ya haɓaka zuwa USB4 na yanzu; Yawan watsawa kuma ya karu daga 1.5Mbps zuwa sabuwar 40Gbps. A halin yanzu, ba wai kawai sabbin wayoyi masu wayo ba ne kawai ke tallafawa nau'ikan nau'in C, har ma da kwamfutoci na rubutu, kyamarori na dijital, lasifika mai wayo, samar da wutar lantarki ta hannu da sauran na'urori sun fara amfani da kebul na kebul na musamman na TYPE-C, wanda aka samu nasarar shigar da shi cikin filin kera motoci. Maimakon USB-A, sabon Model 3 na Tesla yana da tashar jiragen ruwa na usB-C, kuma Apple ya canza gaba ɗaya macBooks da AirPods Pro zuwa tsarkakakken tashoshin USB Type-C don canja wurin bayanai da caji. Bugu da kari, bisa ga bukatun eu, apple zai kuma yi amfani da kebul type-c interface a nan gaba iPhone15, kuma babu shakka USB4 zai zama babban samfurin dubawa a nan gaba kasuwa.
Abubuwan buƙatun kebul na USB4
Babban canji a cikin sabon USB4 shine gabatarwar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idar Thunderbolt wanda Intel ya raba tare da usb-if. Gudun kan hanyoyin haɗin kai biyu, bandwidth ɗin yana ninka sau biyu zuwa 40Gbps, kuma Tunneling yana goyan bayan bayanai da yawa da ka'idojin nuni. Misalai sun haɗa da PCI Express da DisplayPort. Bugu da ƙari, USB4 yana kula da dacewa mai kyau tare da gabatarwar sabuwar yarjejeniya mai mahimmanci, kasancewa baya dacewa tare da USB3.2 / 3.1 / 3.0 / 2.0, da kuma Thunderbolt 3. A sakamakon haka, USB4 ya zama mafi mahimmancin ma'auni na USB har zuwa yau, yana buƙatar masu zanen kaya don fahimtar USB4, USB3.2, USB2.0, USB Type-live Specifics USB Details. Bugu da ƙari, dole ne masu zanen kaya su fahimci ƙayyadaddun PCI Express da DisplayPort, da kuma fasahar HIGH-DEFINITION abun ciki kariya (HDCP) da ke dacewa da yanayin USB4 DisplayPort, kuma igiyoyi da masu haɗin haɗin da muka saba da su suna da buƙatu masu girma don saduwa da bukatun aikin lantarki na kebul na USB4 da aka gama.
Sigar coaxial na USB4 ya fito daga babu inda
A cikin zamanin USB3.1 10G, masana'antun da yawa sun karɓi tsarin coaxial don biyan buƙatun babban aikin mitar. Ba a yi amfani da sigar Coaxial a cikin jerin USB ba, yanayin aikace-aikacen sa galibi littafin rubutu ne, wayar hannu, GPS, kayan aunawa, fasahar Bluetooth, da sauransu. Babban aikace-aikacen bayanin kebul shine layin coaxial na likita, layin teflon coaxial lantarki, layin mitar rediyo na coaxial, da sauransu, tare da buƙatun sarrafa farashin farashi mai girma, a cikin zamanin USB3.1 na kasuwa da sauri don saduwa da kasuwar kebul na USB4. high-mita watsa bukatun da kuma mafi m, da kuma high-gudun watsa bukatar waya yana da karfi anti-tsatsalandan ikon da lantarki yi kwanciyar hankali, Domin tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na high mita watsa, na yanzu al'ada USB4 shi ne har yanzu babban coaxial version, coaxial samar da kuma masana'antu tsari ne mai hadaddun tsari, don warware da high mita da kuma high gudun aikace-aikace bukatar dace samar da kayan aiki da balagagge da kuma barga samar da tsari. A cikin samar da samfurin, zaɓin kayan aiki, sigogin tsari da sarrafa tsari, sigogin lantarki na gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje na musamman suna taka muhimmiyar rawa, a duk cikin ci gaban ƙulli na tsarin coaxial, ban da ku (farashin kayan aiki, tsadar sarrafa kayan aiki) wasu suna da kyau, amma haɓakar kasuwa koyaushe yana juyawa kan yadda ake samun mafi girman farashin tsari, nau'in murɗa nau'in ya kasance koyaushe yana cikin tazara na ci gaban coaxial da bincike na ci gaba.
Ana iya ganin shi daga tsarin layin coaxial, daga ciki zuwa waje, bi da bi: mai gudanarwa na tsakiya, rufin rufin, Layer na waje (mesh mesh), fata na waya. Kebul na Coaxial hadi ne wanda ya ƙunshi madugu biyu. Ana amfani da tsakiyar waya na coaxial na USB don watsa sigina. Gidan yanar gizon garkuwar ƙarfe yana taka rawa biyu: ɗaya shine samar da madauki na yanzu don sigina azaman hanyar gama gari, ɗayan kuma shine don murkushe kutsewar karar electromagnetic zuwa siginar azaman hanyar kariya. Waya ta tsakiya da cibiyar sadarwar garkuwar tsakanin ƙananan kumfa polypropylene rufi Layer, rufin rufi yana ƙayyade halayen watsawa na kebul, kuma yadda ya kamata ya kare tsakiyar waya, tsada suna da dalili mai tsada.
USB4 Twisted biyu version yana zuwa?
Yayin da da'irori na lantarki ke aiki a mitoci mafi girma, halayen lantarki na abubuwan lantarki suna zama da wahala a iya sarrafa su. Lokacin da girman ɓangaren ko duka girman da'ira idan aka kwatanta da tsayin tsayin mitar aiki ya fi ɗaya girma, ƙimar inductance capacitance na kewayawa, ko abubuwan da ke tattare da tasirin parasitic na kaddarorin kayan da sauransu, ko da lokacin da muke amfani da tsarin biyu na waya, madaidaicin sigogi na mitar ba zai iya biyan bukatun abokan ciniki ba, kuma mai sauƙi fiye da sigar coaxial na tsarin da diamita ya yi nisa, Me yasa ba zan iya amfani da batches na USB ba? Gabaɗaya, mafi girman mitar amfani da kebul, mafi guntu tsayin siginar, da ƙarami na skew, mafi kyawun tasirin ma'auni. Duk da haka, ƙananan farawar splicing zai kawo ƙarancin samarwa da kuma sprain insulated core waya. Ƙwararren layin layi yana da ƙananan ƙananan, adadin torsion yana da yawa, kuma damuwa na torsion akan sashin yana mai da hankali sosai, wanda ke haifar da mummunar nakasawa da lalacewar rufin rufin, kuma a ƙarshe yana haifar da murdiya na filin lantarki, yana rinjayar wasu alamomin lantarki kamar darajar SRL da attenuation. Lokacin da insulation eccentricity ya wanzu, nisa tsakanin masu gudanarwa yana canzawa lokaci-lokaci saboda juyin juya hali da jujjuyawar insulating layi ɗaya, wanda ke kawo juzu'i na impedance. Lokacin canzawa yana da ɗan tsayi. A cikin babban mitar watsawa, ana iya gano wannan jinkirin canji ta igiyoyin lantarki na lantarki kuma yana shafar ƙimar asarar dawowa. Ba za a iya amfani da sigar biyu na USB4 a batches ba.
Ba a ƙasa ba, amma ba sa so a yi amfani da coaxial mutuwar ku, don haka mutane sun fara tabbatar da bambanci USB4 garkuwa hanyoyin da za a yi samfurin, don wring babbar drawback ne sauƙi Twisted madugu, da kuma bambanci tare da layi daya fakiti kai tsaye ga aikin gida, kauce wa madugu sprain, kamar yadda muka sani, a halin yanzu yana amfani da bambanci na SAS, SFP + da dai sauransu ana amfani da shi a cikin babban gudun layin, wanda dole ne a yi amfani da shi a cikin babban layi na sauri fiye da aikin da ya isa. babban layin bayanan mitar shine watsa siginar bayanai, amma idan muka yi amfani da shi a kusa yana iya bayyana kowane nau'in bayanan tsangwama mara kyau. Bari mu yi tunani game da idan waɗannan sigina na kutsawa sun shiga ciki na layin bayanan kuma sun mamaye ainihin siginar da aka watsa, shin zai yiwu a tsoma baki ko canza siginar da aka watsa na asali, don haka haifar da asarar sigina mai amfani ko matsaloli? Kuma bambanci na aluminum tsare Layer shine don canja wurin bayanai zuwa gare mu don yin rawar kariya da kariya, ana amfani da su don rage tsangwama na sigina masu zaman kansu na waje don watsawa, babban kayan bel na bel da aluminum foil pulling shine amfani da aluminum tsare sealing da garkuwa, daya gefe ko biyu mai gefe shafi a kan filastik fim, lu: su composite tsare da aka yi amfani da matsayin garkuwa na USB. Cable tsare yana buƙatar ƙasa da mai a saman, babu ramuka da manyan kaddarorin inji. Tsarin nannade shi ne tattara wayoyi masu ɓoye biyu da na ƙasa tare ta hanyar na'ura. A lokaci guda kuma, ana amfani da Layer na foil na aluminum da Layer na tef ɗin polyester mai ɗaure kai akan biredi na waje don yin garkuwa da nau'in waya da daidaita tsarin naɗa ainihin wayoyi. Wannan tsari yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci ga kayan waya, sun haɗa da impedance, bambancin jinkiri, raguwa, saboda wannan dole ne ya samar da ƙayyadaddun buƙatun sana'a, gudanar da gwaji zuwa kayan lantarki, don tabbatar da kunsa core waya daidai da buƙatu. Tabbas, ba duk layukan bayanai ba ne suke da matakan kariya biyu. Wasu suna da yadudduka da yawa, wasu suna da Layer ɗaya kawai, ko babu ɗaya. Garkuwa rabuwa ce ta ƙarfe tsakanin yankuna biyu na sararin samaniya don sarrafa shigarwa da hasken wuta na lantarki, Magnetic da igiyoyin lantarki daga wannan yanki zuwa wancan. Don zama takamaiman, tushen jagora yana kewaye da jikin garkuwa don hana su daga tasirin filin lantarki na waje / siginar tsangwama, da kuma hana tsangwama filin / sigina daga yadawa waje. Babban gwajin siginar mitar kebul na banbanta na USB na iya zama daidai da coaxial, kebul na USB daban na ke zuwa.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-16-2022
